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1、ZhejiangTechonology Institute of EconomySteering SystemUnit 42Steering SystemVocabularySection IV Comprehensive practiceSection III GrammarSection II ReadingSection I Listening and speaking3Section I Listen and Speaking 4Picture recognition. In this part, you will hear 5 statements, please judge whi
2、ch part is mentioned in each statement.ABDEFBCAE DPicture 2 A AB BC CD DE E5 Read and match. Read the structure and make a match. A-Fluid LinesB-RackC-PistonD-Rotary ValveE-Steering ColumnF-Pinion A B C D E F6Speak out. Look at the structure in Task1 and Task2, ask your partner the following questio
3、ns, and organize the sentences. Are you familiar with the structure listed in task 1 and task 2? Whats the function of steering system?How many kinds of steering systems do you know?7Listen and practice. Listen to the dialogues, fill in the missing information, and practice them with your partner. D
4、ialogue 1Mary: What does steering system mean?David: It _of steering wheel, gears, linkages and other _.Mary: Oh, I see. They are used to control the direction of a vehicles_, arent they?David: Yes. Nowadays, many cars use a power-steering system.Mary: I have _there are two types of power steering s
5、ystems.David: Yeah. They are hydraulic and _ power steering systems. Mary: Its really_. Im almost confused with it.consistscomponentsmotionheardelectriccomplex8Listen and practice. Listen to the dialogues, fill in the missing information, and practice them with your partner. Dialogue 2Mary: This car
6、 is very expensive.David: Of course. It is a car with _steering.Mary: Is it better than _steering?David: Yeah. it improves steering _and increases _stability while maneuvering at high_.Mary: Can it improve the stability of the car even through the turn?David: Yes. Im looking forward to _a car of thi
7、s kind.Mary: So am I.four-wheelfront-wheelresponsevehiclespeedowning9Take Task 4 as example, practice dialogues according to the situations provided with your partner. 1Joe and Jack are talking about the development of steering systems, even they are discussing about the future of power steering. 2
8、David and Jack are watching the components of a hydraulic power steering system, and discussing about how they work.10Section II ReadingReading AReading B11Reading ATask 1Task 212 12Reading ATask 1 Listen to the passage and fill in the missing information. Power steeringAs vehicles have become heavi
9、er and _to front wheel drive, the effort to turn the steering wheel _has increased - often to the point where major physical exertion is required. To alleviate this, auto makers have developed power steering systems. There are two types of power steering systemshydraulic and electric/electronic. A h
10、ydraulic-electric hybrid system is also possible.A hydraulic power steering (HPS) uses hydraulic _supplied by an engine-driven pump to assist the motion of turning the steering wheel. Electric power steering (EPS) is more _than the hydraulic power steering, since the electric power steering motor on
11、ly needs to provide _when the steering wheel is turned, whereas the hydraulic pump must run constantly. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable to the vehicle type, road speed, and even driver_. An added benefit is the elimination of environmental hazard posed by leakage and disposal of hydraulic
12、power steering fluid.switchedmanuallypressureefficientassistancepreference13Reading A1. According to the passage, which item can explain the word “alleviate” in the first paragraph?A. to make more bearableB. get rid ofC. increaseD. improve2. Why do auto makers take efforts to develop power steering
13、system?A. Vehicles have become heavier.B. Vehicles have switched to front wheel drive.C. Turning the steering wheel requires major physical exertion.D. All the above.AD14Reading A3. Which of the following does not belong to the advantages of EPS?A. It is more efficient than the hydraulic power steer
14、ing.B. It only needs to provide assistance when the steering wheel is turned.C. An engine-driven pump supplies pressure to assist the motion.D. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable.4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Power steering system helps to alleviate the effort to turn the steering
15、 wheel.B. Hydraulic-electric hybrid system is one of the existing steering system nowadays.C. Electric power steering is more efficient than the hydraulic power steering.D. In EPS the assist level is easily tunable to the vehicle type, road speed, and even driver preference.CB15Task 3Task 2Task 1Tex
16、t16Reading B Steering System The purpose of the steering system is guiding the car where the driver wants it to go. It must deliver precise directional control, and it must do so requiring little driver effort at the steering wheel. It consists of steering wheel, steering shaft, worm, gear sector, p
17、itman arm, drag link, steering knuckle arm, king pin, steering arms, tie rod, front axle and steering knuckle. They enable the car to change the direction by means of turning and moving forth and back.For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different circle. Since the inside wheel is fo
18、llowing a circle with a smaller radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the outside wheel.
19、17 The steering gear is a device for converting the rotary motion of the steering wheel into straight-line motion. Essentially, the steering gear consists of two parts: a worm on the end of the steering shaft and a pitman-arm shaft on which there is a gear sector, toothed roller, or stud. There are
20、also a couple different types of steering gears. The most common are rack-and-pinion and recirculating ball.Rack-and Pinion steering is quickly becoming the most common type of steering on cars, small trucks and SUVs. It is actually a pretty simple mechanism. A rack-and-pinion gear set is enclosed i
21、n a metal tube, with each end of the rack protruding from the tube. A rod, called tie rod, connects to each end of the rack.The rack-and-pinion gear set does two things:Reading B Steering System18 1. It converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the linear motion needed to turn the wh
22、eels.2. It provides a gear reduction, making it easier to turn the wheels.Recirculating-Ball steering is used on many trucks and SUVs today. The linkage that turns the wheels is slightly different than on a rack-and-pinion system.The recirculating-ball steering gear contains a worm gear. You can ima
23、ge the gear in two parts. The first part is a block of metal with a threaded hole in it. This block has gear teeth cut into the outside of it, which engage a gear that moves the pitman arm. The steering wheel connects to a threaded rod, similar to a bolt, which sticks into the hole in the block. Whe
24、n the steering wheel turns, it turns the bolt. Instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would, this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins, it moves the block, which moves the gear that turns the wheels.Reading B Steering System19perpendicular adj. .(与另一线或面与另一线或面)成直角的成直角的,
25、 垂直的垂直的, 正交的正交的(to) .直立的直立的, 与水平线成直角的与水平线成直角的, 陡峭的陡峭的draw a line perpendicular to a given line 作一直线与已知直线垂直作一直线与已知直线垂直The tower is out of the perpendicular 这座塔已倾斜了。这座塔已倾斜了。 Reading B Steering System20Important Words & Phrases protrudeprotrude vt., vi. 伸出; 吐出; 凸出; 突出Helens teeth protrude too far.
26、Helens teeth protrude too far. 海伦的牙齿太突出了。海伦的牙齿太突出了。The policeman saw a gun protruding from the mans pocket. The policeman saw a gun protruding from the mans pocket. 警察看到一支枪从那男人的口袋里凸出来。警察看到一支枪从那男人的口袋里凸出来。21Important Words & PhrasesRotational adj. 旋转的旋转的; 轮流的轮流的, 循环的循环的; 交替的交替的Players have to be i
27、n their correct rotational positions until the serve is executed. 在发球完成之前，运动员必须各就各位。在发球完成之前，运动员必须各就各位。 22Important Words & Phrases commission n. .委任，委任， 委托，委托， 代理（权）；代理（权）； 代理事项代理事项 .委任状；委任状；【军军】授衔令，授衔令， 委任职权；委任职权； 所受军衔所受军衔 .委员会，委员会， 考察团；考察团； 调查团调查团 .佣金，佣金， 代办费，代办费， 手续费手续费 If you are going to Ho
28、ng Kong, I have two or three small commissions for you. 你如去香港，你如去香港， 我有两三件小事托你办。我有两三件小事托你办。Some salesmen in big shops receive a commission of 10% on everything they sell, as well as a salary. 大商店有些店员不仅有薪金，大商店有些店员不仅有薪金， 而且还可抽取所售货物百分之十的佣金。而且还可抽取所售货物百分之十的佣金。23Important Words & PhrasesCooperate vi.
29、.合作；合作； 协作；协作； 互助互助 .（事物）配合（事物）配合If we all cooperate, well soon finish. 如果我们大家合作，很快就能完成。如果我们大家合作，很快就能完成。The British cooperated with the French in building the new craft. 英、法两国合作制造这种新式飞船。英、法两国合作制造这种新式飞船。24Important Words & Phrases crucial adj. .严酷的严酷的, 极为困难的极为困难的 .紧要关头的紧要关头的, 关系重大的关系重大的; 决定性的决定性的
30、Parking is a crucial consideration. 停车是设计者考虑的关键问题。停车是设计者考虑的关键问题。 There are several crucial factors. 有若干至关重要的因素。有若干至关重要的因素。 25Important Words & Phrases compel vt.强胁迫；强胁迫； 使不得不；使不得不； 迫使（屈服），迫使（屈服）， 强制顺从同意强制顺从同意.获得；获得； 强取强取He was compelled by illness to suspend his experiment. 他因病不得不暂时中断实验。他因病不得不暂时
31、中断实验。His cleverness and skill compel our admiration. 他的聪明和技艺博得我们的赞赏。他的聪明和技艺博得我们的赞赏。26Task 1: Read and judge. Read the passage and judge whether the statement is true or false.1. The direction of the car is changed only through the steering wheel.2. The inside wheel is making a tighter turn than the
32、outside wheel.3. Rack-and-pinion and recirculating ball are the only two types of steering gears.4. Recirculating-ball steering is the most common type of steering on cars.5. The rack-and-pinion gear set uses a gear reduction to make it easier to turn the wheel.FTFFT27Task 2: Read, complete and rete
33、ll. Read the passage again and fill in the blanks with the information in the passage, and then try to retell the passage. Steering system _ the car to change the direction by means of turns and moving forth and back. The steering gear can _ the rotary motion of the steering wheel into _ motion. It
34、consists of two parts: a _ on the end of the steering shaft and a _ shaft. _ and _ are two most common types of steering gears. The former is a pretty simple _. As for the latter, the _ that turns the wheels is slightly different than on a rack-and-pinion system.enablesconvertstraight-linewormpitman
35、-armRack and pinionrecirculating banmechanismlinkage28Task 3: Revise and Translate. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. It must deliver precise directional control, and it must do so requiring little driver effort at the steering wheel.2. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel
36、, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn.3. The steering gear is a device for converting the rotary motion of the steering wheel into straight-line motion.它必须具有精确的方向导出系统，这样才不需要驾驶者在方向盘上费力。 如果你在每个轮子上画一条线，你会发现这些线会在旋转轴的中心相交叉。 这些操纵排挡是为了使汽车从曲线运动变为直线运动。 29Task 3: Revise and Translate. Tra
37、nslate the following sentences into Chinese.4. A rack-and-pinion gear set is enclosed in a metal tube, with each end of the rack protruding from the tube.5. Instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would, this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins, it moves the block, whi
38、ch moves the gear that turns the wheels.齿棒（条）小齿轮式被封在一个圆铁管中，而且每个搁架的末端都从铁管中伸出一个金属杆. 不像一个普通的螺栓，需进一步的扭转才能插进一块板中。这种螺栓是固定的，所以，当它快速转动时，它就带动了金属板，从而使齿轮带动方向盘转动。 30Grammar GrammarTask 1Task 231Inverted Sentence用法用法例句例句1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run, 要全部倒装。There goes the be
39、ll.Then came the chairman.2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词, 要全部倒装。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.3.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to th
40、is question.32Inverted Sentence4. 以否定词开头作部分倒装,如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.5. so,
41、neither, nor作部分倒装, 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I.33Task 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.1. Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. doe
42、s smoking permit2. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know3. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begunADD34Task 1: Choose the best a
43、nswer to complete the sentences.4. Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also5. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize
44、BB35Task 2: Translate the following into English.1.汽车动力转向系统使驾驶员在方向盘上费力不需太多。汽车动力转向系统使驾驶员在方向盘上费力不需太多。2.在未来，你也有可能仅通过按一下按钮就可以按自己的意愿来控制车在未来，你也有可能仅通过按一下按钮就可以按自己的意愿来控制车子。子。3.不管怎样，汽车转向系统都不能失去对车子的控制。不管怎样，汽车转向系统都不能失去对车子的控制。4.他刚打算去买这个品牌的车的时候，车子没货了。他刚打算去买这个品牌的车的时候，车子没货了。5.如果它更努力学的话，他本来能通过驾照考试的。如果它更努力学的话，他本来能通过驾
45、照考试的。Little efforts will drivers take at the steering wheel because of power steering. So can you configure the controls exactly to your liking by pressing a few buttons in future. In no way could the steering system lose the function of guilding the car. No sooner did he plan to buy this brand car
46、than the car is out of stock. Had he studied harder, he should have passed the test of driving license 36Section IV Comprehensive Practice(II) Presentation(I) Applied Writing37(I) Applied Writing Sample 1Sample 238Sample 1Shanghai Jinhai Trad Co., 22 Mar,2008 Dear Sirs, Thank you for your last lette
47、r. We are very sorry to say that we cant accept your price. We still insist the price at 6% commission CIF Copenhagen. And we also accept the payment of date L/C for thirty days. Please reply us in three days. We are very glad to cooperate with you in long-term, and we are waiting for hearing your r
48、eply! Yours Faithfully Robert Michael 39Sample 2 Dear Mr. Smith,As we mentioned in our previous quotation, the price is likely to rise. Since material price is a very crucial element for our cost accounting, we are compelled to shift this rise to our customers. The price for 33 Euro has increased to
49、 33.5 Euro, packing charge and freight remaining unchanged. We thank you for your understanding and look forward to having a good cooperation with you.Yours Sincerely,Zhang Liang40Task:汽车还盘汽车还盘:谢谢你们对沃尔沃汽车报价的来信。谢谢你们对沃尔沃汽车报价的来信。我们虽然赞赏你们汽车的质量，但价格太高不能接受请参阅我们虽然赞赏你们汽车的质量，但价格太高不能接受请参阅89SP-754号号销售确认书，按此销售书我
50、方订购了此品牌的汽车销售确认书，按此销售书我方订购了此品牌的汽车5辆，辆， 但价格比你方现但价格比你方现报价格低报价格低10%，自从上次订购以来，原材料价格跌落很多，这里你们的，自从上次订购以来，原材料价格跌落很多，这里你们的零售价也下跌了零售价也下跌了5%。接受你方现时的报价意味着我们将有巨大亏损，更。接受你方现时的报价意味着我们将有巨大亏损，更不用谈利润了。不用谈利润了。 然而如果你们至少降价然而如果你们至少降价1.5%，我们非常愿意向你方续订。否则，我，我们非常愿意向你方续订。否则，我们只能转向其他供应者提出类似需求。们只能转向其他供应者提出类似需求。 我们希望你们认真考虑我方建议，并及
51、早答复我方。我们希望你们认真考虑我方建议，并及早答复我方。 41TaskThank you for your offer letter from Volvo. We appreciate the quality of your car, but we can not accept the high price. Please see No. 89SP-754 sales confirmation. Based on it, we ordered five cars of this brand which price is 10% lower than your side of prices.
52、Since the last ordering, the raw material prices fall a lot, which resulted in your current retail price having fallen by 5%. Accepting your current offer means that we will have a huge loss, let alone profits. However, if you cut prices of at least 1.5%, we are willing to renew your side. Otherwise
53、, we can only turn to other suppliers of similar demands. We hope that you will seriously consider our proposals and our response as soon as possible. 42(II) Presentation1.Search the library or the internet for more detailed information about steering systems and give a presentation in class.2.Imagi
54、ne the future steering systems.Students can choose one of the two tasks, work in groups, and prepare for an in-class presentation.43Vocabularyrack n. rack n. 架架, ,行李架行李架, ,拷问台拷问台piston n. piston n. 活塞活塞 pinion n. pinion n. 鸟翼鸟翼, ,小齿轮小齿轮 gear n. gear n. 齿轮齿轮, ,传动装置传动装置, ,工具工具, ,用具用具 linkage n. linkag
55、e n. 连合连合, ,连锁连锁, ,结合结合 hydraulic adj. hydraulic adj. 水力的水力的, ,水压的水压的 stability n. stability n. 稳定性稳定性 maneuver v. maneuver v. 调遣调遣, ,演习演习, ,用计策用计策 switch v. switch v. 转变转变, ,切换切换, ,摆动摆动 exertion n. exertion n. 努力努力, ,发挥发挥, ,运用运用 alleviate v. alleviate v. 减轻减轻, ,使使.缓和缓和 hybrid adj. hybrid adj. 混合的混合
56、的, ,杂种的杂种的, ,混混合语的合语的 tunable adj. tunable adj. 可合调的可合调的, ,能调出能调出和声的和声的, ,音调美的音调美的 elimination n. elimination n. 除去除去, ,消除消除 hazard n. hazard n. 冒险冒险, ,危险危险, ,危害危害 leakage n. leakage n. 泄漏泄漏 pitman n. pitman n. 矿工矿工, ,煤矿工煤矿工, ,连接棒连接棒 knuckle n. knuckle n. 指节指节, ,蹄爪蹄爪, ,膝关节膝关节 radius n. radius n. 半径半
57、径 perpendicular adj. perpendicular adj. 垂直的垂直的, ,直直立的立的 44Vocabularycooperate v. cooperate v. 合作合作, ,协力协力 quotation n. quotation n. 报价单报价单 crucial adj. crucial adj. 关键的关键的, ,决定性的决定性的 compel v. compel v. 强迫强迫, ,迫使迫使geometry n. geometry n. 几何几何( (学学) ) stud n. stud n. 图钉图钉, ,装饰钮扣装饰钮扣, , 立柱立柱, ,板墙筋板墙筋,
58、 ,壁骨壁骨 protrude v. protrude v. 伸出伸出, ,突出突出 spin v. spin v. 纺织纺织, ,旋转旋转, ,拉长拉长 rotational adj. rotational adj. 回转的回转的, ,轮流轮流的的 linear adj. linear adj. 线的线的, ,直线的直线的, ,线状的线状的 bolt n. bolt n. 门闩门闩, ,突发突发, ,螺钉螺钉 commission n. commission n. 委任状委任状, ,任官令任官令, ,佣金佣金45Vocabularyfluid lines n. fluid lines n.
59、流体线流体线 rotary valve n. rotary valve n. 回转阀回转阀 steering column n. steering column n. 驾驶杆驾驶杆 steering wheel n. steering wheel n. 转向盘转向盘 steering shaft n. steering shaft n. 转向轴转向轴 pitman arm n. pitman arm n. 转向摇臂转向摇臂 drag link n. drag link n. 拉杆拉杆 steering knuckle arm n. steering knuckle arm n. 转向节臂转向节臂 king pin n. king pin n. 中心销中心销 46Vocabularydefogger除雾器除雾器fog lamp雾灯雾灯fuel injector燃料喷射器燃料喷射器gauge计量器计量器cigar lighter火星塞火星塞power window电动车窗电动车窗power seat自动调节座位自动调节座位
