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1、IELTS, TOEFL 考试必备之 AWL IntroductionThe Academic Word List was developed by Averil Coxhead as her MA thesis at the School of Linguistics and Applied Language Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. The list contains 570 word families which were selected according to principle
2、s outlined below. The list does not include words that are in the most frequent 2000 words of English. The AWL was primarily made so that it could be used by teachers as part of a programme preparing learners for tertiary level study or used by students working alone to learn the words most ne
3、eded to study at tertiary institutions. The Academic Word List replaces the University Word List.Sublists of the Academic Word ListEach word in italics is the most frequently occurring member of the word family in the Academic Corpus. For example, analysis is the most common form of the word family
4、analyse. British and American spelling is included in the word families, so contextualise and contextualize are both included in the family context.Sublist 1 contains the most common words in the AWL. Sublist 2 contains the next most common words, and so on. There are 60 families in each sublist, ex
5、cept for sublist 10 which has 30.Sublist 1 of the Academic Word List29analyseanalysedanalyseranalysersanalysesanalysinganalysisanalystanalystsanalyticanalyticalanalyticallyanalyzeanalyzedanalyzesanalyzingapproachapproachableapproachedapproachesapproachingunapproachableareaareas assessassessableasses
6、sedassessesassessingassessmentassessmentsreassessreassessed reassessing reassessmentunassessedassumeassumedassumesassumingassumptionassumptionsauthorityauthoritative authoritiesavailableavailabilityunavailablebenefit beneficialbeneficiarybeneficiariesbenefitedbenefitingbenefits concept conception co
7、nceptsconceptualconceptualisationconceptualiseconceptualisedconceptualisesconceptualisingconceptuallyconsistconsistedconsistencyconsistentconsistentlyconsistingconsistsinconsistencies inconsistencyinconsistentconstitute constituencies constituencyconstituent constituents constitutedconstitutes const
8、itutingconstitutionconstitutions constitutionalconstitutionallyconstitutiveunconstitutionalcontextcontextscontextualcontextualise contextualised contextualising uncontextualised contextualize contextualized contextualizing uncontextualized contractcontractedcontractingcontractorcontractorscontracts
9、createcreatedcreatescreatingcreationcreationscreativecreativelycreativitycreatorcreatorsrecreaterecreatedrecreatesrecreatingdatadefinedefinabledefined definesdefiningdefinitiondefinitionsredefineredefinedredefinesredefiningundefinedderivederivationderivationsderivative derivatives derived derivesder
10、ivingdistributedistributeddistributingdistribution distributional distributionsdistributivedistributor distributorsredistributeredistributedredistributesredistributingredistributioneconomyeconomiceconomicaleconomicallyeconomics economieseconomisteconomistsuneconomicalenvironment environmental enviro
11、nmentalist environmentalists environmentallyenvironmentsestablishdisestablish disestablisheddisestablishesdisestablishingdisestablishmentestablishedestablishesestablishingestablishmentestablishmentsestimate estimatedestimates estimatingestimationestimationsoverestimateoverestimateoverestimatedoveres
12、timatesoverestimatingunderestimateunderestimatedunderestimatesunderestimatingevidentevidencedevidenceevidential evidentlyexportexportedexporterexportersexportingexportsfactorfactoredfactoringfactorsfinancefinancedfinancesfinancialfinanciallyfinancier financiersfinancingformulaformulaeformulasformula
13、teformulatedformulatingformulationformulationsreformulatereformulatedreformulatingreformulationreformulationsfunctionfunctionalfunctionallyfunctionedfunctioningfunctionsidentifyidentifiable identification identifiedidentifies identifyingidentitiesidentityunidentifiable incomeincomesindicate indicate
14、dindicates indicating indication indicationsindicativeindicatorindicatorsindividual individualisedindividualityindividualismindividualistindividualistsindividualisticindividuallyindividuals interpretinterpretationinterpretations interpretative interpretedinterpreting interpretiveinterpretsmisinterpr
15、etmisinterpretationmisinterpretationsmisinterpretedmisinterpretingmisinterpretsreinterpretreinterpretedreinterpretsreinterpretingreinterpretationreinterpretationsinvolveinvolvedinvolvementinvolvesinvolvinguninvolvedissueissuedissuesissuinglabourlaborlaboredlaborslabouredlabouringlabourslegalillegal
16、illegalityillegallylegalitylegallylegislatelegislatedlegislateslegislatinglegislationlegislativelegislatorlegislatorslegislaturemajor majoritiesmajoritymethodmethodicalmethodologicalmethodologiesmethodologymethods occuroccurredoccurrence occurrencesoccurringoccursreoccur reoccurred reoccurringreoccu
17、rs percent percentagepercentagesperiodperiodicperiodicalperiodicallyperiodicalsperiodspolicypolicies principleprincipledprinciplesunprincipledproceedproceduralprocedureproceduresproceededproceedingproceedingsproceedsprocessprocessedprocessesprocessing requirerequiredrequirementrequirements requiresr
18、equiringresearchresearchedresearcherresearchers researchesresearchingrespondrespondedrespondentrespondentsrespondingrespondsresponseresponsesresponsiveresponsivenessunresponsive rolerolessectionsectionedsectioningsections sectorsectorssignificantinsignificantinsignificantly significancesignificantly
19、 signifiedsignifiessignifysignifyingsimilardissimilarsimilaritiessimilarity similarlysourcesourcedsources sourcingspecificspecificallyspecification specificationsspecificityspecificsstructurerestructurerestructuredrestructuresrestructuringstructuralstructurallystructured structuresstructuringunstruc
20、turedtheorytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoriestheoristtheoristsvaryinvariableinvariablyvariabilityvariable variablesvariablyvariancevariantvariantsvariationvariations variedvariesvaryingSublist 2 of the Academic Word Listachieve achievableachievedachievementachievementsachievesachievingacquireacquired
21、acquiresacquiringacquisitionacquisitionsadministrateadministratesadministration administrations administrative administrativelyadministratoradministratorsaffectaffectedaffectingaffectiveaffectivelyaffectsunaffectedappropriate appropriacyappropriatelyappropriatenessinappropriacy inappropriateinapprop
22、riatelyaspectaspectsassistassistance assistantassistantsassistedassistingassistsunassistedcategory categoriescategorisationcategorisecategorisedcategorisescategorisingcategorizationcategorizedcategorizescategorizing chapterchapterscommissioncommissionedcommissionercommissionerscommissioningcommissio
23、nscommunitycommunitiescomplex complexitiescomplexity compute computationcomputationalcomputationscomputablecomputercomputedcomputerisedcomputerscomputingconcludeconcludedconcludesconcludingconclusionconclusions conclusiveconclusivelyinconclusiveinconclusivelyconductconducted conductingconductsconseq
24、uentconsequenceconsequencesconsequentlyconstruct constructed constructing constructionconstructionsconstructive constructsreconstructreconstructedreconstructingreconstructionreconstructsconsumeconsumedconsumer consumers consumesconsumingconsumptioncreditcreditedcreditingcreditorcreditorscreditscultu
25、recultural culturallyculturedcultures uncultureddesigndesigned designerdesignersdesigningdesigns distinct distinctiondistinctions distinctive distinctivelydistinctlyindistinctindistinctlyelementelements equate equated equatesequatingequationequationsevaluateevaluatedevaluatesevaluatingevaluation eva
26、luationsevaluativere-evaluate re-evaluated re-evaluatesre-evaluating re-evaluationfeaturefeaturedfeatures featuringfinalfinalisefinalisedfinalisesfinalisingfinalizefinalizedfinalizesfinalizingfinalityfinallyfinalsfocusfocusedfocusesfocusingfocussedfocussingrefocusrefocusedrefocusesrefocusingrefocuss
27、ed refocussesrefocussingimpactimpactedimpactingimpactsinjure injuredinjuresinjuriesinjuringinjuryuninjuredinstitute institutedinstitutesinstitutinginstitutioninstitutionalinstitutionalise institutionalised institutionalises institutionalising institutionalizedinstitutionalizes institutionalizing ins
28、titutionallyinstitutionsinvestinvestedinvestinginvestmentinvestmentsinvestorinvestorsinvestsreinvestreinvestedreinvestingreinvestmentreinvestsitemitemisationitemiseitemiseditemises itemisingitemsjournal journalsmaintainmaintained maintaining maintainsmaintenancenormalabnormalabnormallynormalisationn
29、ormalisenormalisednormalisesnormalisingnormalizationnormalizenormalizednormalizesnormalizingnormalitynormallyobtainobtainableobtained obtainingobtainsunobtainable participate participantparticipantsparticipatedparticipatesparticipating participationparticipatoryperceiveperceived perceivesperceiving
30、perception perceptions positive positively potentialpotentially previouspreviously primary primarily purchase purchasedpurchaserpurchaserspurchasespurchasingrange rangedrangesrangingregionregionalregionallyregionsregulatederegulatedderegulatesderegulatingderegulationregulatedregulatesregulatingregul
31、ation regulationsregulatorregulatorsregulatoryunregulated relevant irrelevanceirrelevantrelevancereside residedresidenceresidentresidentialresidentsresidesresidingresourceresourcedresourcefulresourcesresourcingunresourcefulunder-resourcedrestrictrestricted restrictingrestriction restrictionsrestrict
32、iverestrictively restrictsunrestrictedunrestrictivesecureinsecureinsecuritiesinsecuritysecuredsecurelysecuressecuringsecuritiessecurity seekseekingseekssoughtselectselectedselectingselection selectionsselectiveselectivelyselectorselectorsselectssitesitesstrategy strategic strategiesstrategicallystra
33、tegiststrategistssurveysurveyedsurveyingsurveystexttextstextualtradition nontraditionaltraditionaltraditionalisttraditionallytraditionstransfertransferabletransferencetransferred transferringtransfersSublist 3 of Academic Word List alternativealternativelyalternativescircumstancecircumstances commen
34、tcommentariescommentarycommentatorcommentatorscommentedcommentingcommentscompensatecompensated compensatescompensatingcompensationcompensationscompensatory component componentrycomponentsconsentconsensusconsentedconsentingconsentsconsiderableconsiderablyconstant constancyconstantlyconstantsinconstan
35、cyinconstantlyconstrainconstrainedconstrainingconstrainsconstraint constraintsunconstrained contribute contributed contributescontributing contributioncontributionscontributorcontributorsconvene conventionconvenesconvenedconveningconventionalconventionallyconventions unconventionalcoordinatecoordina
36、ted coordinatescoordinatingcoordinationcoordinator coordinatorsco-ordinatecoordinated coordinatescoordinatingcoordination coordinatorcoordinatorscorecorescoringcored corporate corporates corporationcorporations correspondcorrespondedcorrespondencecorrespondingcorrespondingly corresponds criteriacrit
37、eriondeducededuceddeducesdeducingdeductiondeductionsdemonstrate demonstrabledemonstrably demonstrateddemonstrates demonstratingdemonstration demonstrationsdemonstrativedemonstrativelydemonstratordemonstratorsdocumentdocumentationdocumenteddocumentingdocuments dominatedominancedominantdominateddomina
38、tesdominatingdominationemphasis emphasiseemphasisedemphasisingemphasizeemphasizedemphasizesemphasizingemphaticemphaticallyensureensuredensuresensuringexcludeexcludedexcludesexcludingexclusionexclusionaryexclusionistexclusionsexclusiveexclusively framework frameworksfundfunded funderfundersfundingfun
39、dsillustrate illustrated illustrates illustratingillustration illustrationsillustrativeimmigrateimmigrantimmigrantsimmigratedimmigratesimmigratingimmigrationimplyimpliedimpliesimplyinginitial initiallyinstance instances interactinteractedinteractinginteractioninteractionsinteractiveinteractivelyinte
40、ractsjustify justifiablejustifiablyjustificationjustificationsjustifiedjustifiesjustifyingunjustifiedlayerlayeredlayeringlayerslinklinkagelinkageslinkedlinkinglinkslocatelocatedlocatinglocationlocationsrelocaterelocatedrelocatesrelocatingrelocationmaximisemax maximisedmaximisesmaximisingmaximisation
41、maximize maximizedmaximizes maximizingmaximization maximumminorminoritiesminorityminorsnegate negativenegatednegatesnegatingnegativelynegativesoutcomeoutcomespartnerpartnerspartnershippartnerships philosophy philosopherphilosophersphilosophicalphilosophically philosophiesphilosophise philosophisedph
42、ilosophisesphilosophisingphilosophizephilosophizedphilosophizesphilosophizingphysical physicallyproportion disproportiondisproportionatedisproportionatelyproportionalproportionallyproportionateproportionately proportionspublishpublished publisher publisherspublishespublishingunpublishedreact reacted
43、 reactsreactingreactionreactionariesreactionaryreactionsreactivereactivatereactivationreactorreactorsregisterderegister deregistered deregisteringderegisters deregistration registered registeringregistersregistration relyreliability reliablereliablyreliancereliant reliedreliesrelyingunreliableremove
44、removableremovalremovalsremovedremovesremovingschemeschematicschematicallyschemedschemesschemingsequencesequencedsequencessequencingsequentialsequentiallysexsexes sexism sexualsexualitysexuallyshiftshiftedshiftingshiftsspecifyspecifiablespecified specifiesspecifyingunspecifiedsufficientsufficiencyin
45、sufficientinsufficientlysufficientlytasktaskstechnical technicallytechniquetechniquestechnologytechnologicaltechnologicallyvalidinvalidateinvalidityvalidatevalidatedvalidatingvalidationvalidityvalidlyvolumevolumes vol Sublist 4 of the Academic Word Listaccessaccessedaccessesaccessibilityaccessibleac
46、cessinginaccessibleadequateadequacyadequatelyinadequaciesinadequacyinadequateinadequatelyannualannuallyapparentapparently approximateapproximatedapproximatelyapproximatesapproximatingapproximationapproximationsattitudeattitudes attributeattributable attributed attributesattributingattributioncivilco
47、decoded codescoding commitcommitment commitmentscommitscommittedcommittingcommunicatecommunicablecommunicatedcommunicatescommunicatingcommunicationcommunicationscommunicativecommunicativelyuncommunicative concentrate concentrated concentratesconcentratingconcentrationconferconference conferencesconf
48、erredconferringconferscontrast contrastedcontrastingcontrastivecontrastscyclecycledcyclescycliccyclicalcyclingdebatedebatabledebateddebatesdebatingdespite dimensiondimensionaldimensions multidimensionaldomestic domesticallydomesticatedomesticateddomesticatingdomesticsemerge emerged emergence emergen
49、t emerges emerging errorerroneouserroneouslyerrorsethnicethnicitygoalgoalsgrantgrantedgrantinggrantshencehypothesis hypotheseshypothesisehypothesisedhypothesiseshypothesisinghypothesizehypothesizedhypothesizeshypothesizinghypothetical hypotheticallyimplementimplementationimplemented implementing imp
50、lementsimplicateimplicatedimplicatesimplicatingimplication implicationsimposeimposedimposesimposingimpositionintegrateintegrated integratesintegratingintegrationinternal internaliseinternalisedinternalisesinternalisinginternalize internalized internalizesinternalizinginternallyinvestigate investigat
51、ed investigates investigating investigationinvestigationsinvestigativeinvestigatorinvestigatorsjobjobslabellabeledlabelinglabelledlabellinglabelsmechanism mechanisms obviousobviouslyoccupy occupancyoccupantoccupantsoccupation occupational occupations occupiedoccupieroccupiers occupies occupying opti
52、onoptionaloptionsoutputoutputsoverall parallelparalleledparallelledparallellingparallelsunparalleledparameterparametersphasephasedphasesphasingpredictpredictabilitypredictablepredictablypredictedpredictingpredictionpredictionspredictsunpredictability unpredictableprincipalprincipallypriorprofessionalprofessionallyprofessionalsprofessionalismprojectprojectedprojectingprojectionprojectionsprojectspromotepromotedpromoterpromoterspromotespromotingpromotionpromotionsregimeregimesresolve r
