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1、计算机专业英语计算机专业英语主讲教师：2 2能力提高篇能力提高篇Multimedia3.Computer Programming2.Office Automation1.Network & E-commerce4.3 3能力提高篇能力提高篇Interview SkillsInterview Skills7.Mobile Information TechnologyMobile Information Technology6.Global Software OutsourcingGlobal Software Outsourcing5.Learning Scenarios 6Learning S
2、cenarios 6Mobile Information TechnologyWords & ExpressionsWords & ExpressionsText A: The Internet of ThingsText A: The Internet of ThingsText B: Mobile Internet connectivityText B: Mobile Internet connectivityPracticePracticeReading MaterialReading Material5Words & ExpressionsWords & Expressionsconc
3、eptn.概念，想法，观念publicationsn.发表，出版，发行，出版物uniquelyadv.独特地，唯一地，珍奇地identifiableadj.可以确认的virtualadv.常常，时常，在大多数情况下structuren.结构，复杂的整体RFIDn.射频识别技术，俗称电子标签prerequisiten.先决条件，前提inventoryn.详细目录，存货清单barcoden.条形码entityn.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物manufacturevt.制造，捏造n.制造，制造品，产品infrastructuren.基础设施，基础结构prejudicen.成见，偏见，歧视vt.使有偏
4、见，不利于，损害6Words & ExpressionsWords & Expressionsingredientn.(混合物的)组成部分，配料transformationn.变化，弯形，变质，转变trackn.踪迹，痕迹，足迹vt.跟踪，追踪quaprep.作为，以的身份或资格nomenclaturen.系统命名法，命名，专门名称registryn.档案室，登记簿存放处，注册处，挂号处connectivityn.连通性LANn.网络，局域网，本地网institutionn.惯例，习俗，制度relatively相对来说，相比较而言theoreticallyadv.在理论上，从理论上说，按道理讲
5、broadbandn.宽带divideinto分成，分为WLANn.无线局域网viaprep.通过，凭借，经由，经过connectionn.连接，联结，联系，关系7Words & ExpressionsWords & Expressionsadvantagen.有利条件，有利因素，优势，益处，利益potentialadj.潜在的，有可能的n.潜力，潜势，可能性inconjunctionwithadv.与协力devicen.装置，设备，器具，手段，策略compatibilityn.适合，一致，互换性，通用性，兼容性institutionn.惯例，习俗，制度disadvantagen.不利，劣势，
6、短处inherentadj.固有的，内在的immatureadj.不成熟的n.不成熟，未充分成长portableadj.便于携带的，手提式的，轻便的decreasevt.&vi.(使)缩短，减小，减少n.减小，降低，减少increasevt.&vi.增加，增大，增多n.增加，增大，增多subscriptionn.捐助，订阅，签名，捐款，订阅费telecommunicationn.电信8Words & ExpressionsWords & Expressionstaskn.工作，任务，差事equipmentn.设备，装备，配备，知识，技能hybridcar混合动力汽车responsen.回答，回
7、音，答复，反应，响应distancen.距离，间距，远处，远方，相距，疏远，冷淡IDcardabbr.身份证garagen.车库，汽车修理站，加油站inneradj.内部的，里面的，内心的recognizevt.认出，识别出某人，承认有效freewayn.高速公路，快车道boardingpassn.登机证SUVn.多功能运动车creditcardn.信用卡，签账卡exhaustedadj.耗尽的，用完的，筋疲力尽的，精疲力竭的marvelousadj.引起惊异的，不可思议的，非凡的gastronomyn.美食学，烹调法annotated有评注的，有注解的sightseeingn.观光，游览9
8、9Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things The term Internet of Things was first used by Kevin Ashton in 1999. The concept of the Internet of Things first became popular through the Auto-ID Center and related market analysts publications. The Internet of Things refers to uniquely identifiable objects a
9、nd their virtual representations in an Internet-like structure. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is often seen as a prerequisite for the Internet of Things. If all objects of daily life were equipped with radio tags, they could be identified and inventoried by computers. However, unique identif
10、ication of things may be achieved through other means such as barcodes or 2D-codes as well.1010Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things Those envisioning an Internet of Things see the possibility of interconnecting objects of common use to each other and other network entities. It is a network where a
11、n object and its subcomponents can be tracked for their entire lifecycle from manufacture to distribution, through use to end of life and disposal. It is a global network of networks with many individual private segments.1111Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things The word Internet in Internet of Thi
12、ngs does not refer to a network infrastructure, but rather to the network built up by the interaction of the objects that participate in a multitude of networks. For the most part, it is expected that the Internet in Internet of Things will use the existing Internet as an access substructure, though
13、 it will not be restricted to using only the Internet substructure and in some cases may be implemented on a new yet to be developed infrastructure. The Internet of Things is opportunistic in that it will use the network infrastructures that are available without prejudice.1212Text A: Text A: The In
14、ternet of Things Whats the point of all this new object data from the Internet of Things? As well as the new types of functionalities it will enable, the sheer amount of new data about an object should lead to better quality goods and better decision-making by consumers. For example when you buy a l
15、oaf of bread from the grocery store, it will have its own RFID tag - which theoretically can tell you when it was produced, when it was packaged, how long it traveled to get to the store, whether the temperature during its travel was optimal, the pricing history of the product, what the precise ingr
16、edients are and associated health benefits (or dangers), and much more information.1313Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things With all objects in the world equipped with minuscule identifying devices, daily life on Earth would undergo a transformation. Companies would not run out of stock or waste p
17、roducts, as all involved parties would know exactly which products are required and consumed. Mislaid and stolen items would be easily tracked and located.1414Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things What is important is that the term Internet in Internet of Thing is used in a different way then it is
18、 when speaking of the Internet qua Internet. Some consider this overloading of the nomenclature to be unfortunate, but it is the name that is in use. One element that remains similar is that the Internet of Things currently uses the naming system of the Internet with its names being a sub-tree of th
19、e .com registry. As entities using the Internet for communications, they also use Internet addresses. 1515Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things Notes1. However, unique identification of things may be achieved through other means such as barcodes or 2D-codes as well. 译文：无论如何，通过条形码或者二位码等方式，物品就可以得到唯一的
20、身份信息。句中，“be achieved through”是动词被动语态，在句中作谓语，主语为“unique identification。”为了符合中文翻译的表述习惯，翻译时，主语作宾语。“such as” 意为：例如，像 2. The word Internet in Internet of Things, does not refer to a network infrastructure, but rather to the network built up by the interaction of the objects that participate in a multitud
21、e of networks.译文：物联网中所谓的网络，并不是互联网，而只是和物品的众多信息相关的信息网络。句中，“built up by”是过去分词短语做定语。“does not but rather to译为：不是而是。“that participate in a multitude of networks.”是定语从句，“objects”是先行词。通常，定语从句都由关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose和关系副词when、where、why、how引导。关系代词和关系副词往往放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时还代替先行词在句中担任一定的语法成分，如主语、宾语、定
22、语和状语等。1616Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things Notes3. What is important is that the term Internet in Internet of Thing is used in a different way then it is when speaking of the Internet qua Internet. 译文：值得一提的是，物联网中的网络和我们平时提到的互联网是不同的。句中，“What is important”为主语从句，做这句话的主语。 4. One element that remain
23、s similar is that the Internet of Things currently uses the naming system of the Internet with its names being a sub-tree of the .com registry. 译文：物联网目前的命名系统和互联网中.com注册表的子树命名方式是相类似的。句中，“that remains similar”作定语，先行词是“one element”。1717Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things Exercises1. Translate the fo
24、llowing phrases.(1) the term Internet of Things(2) market analysts publications(3) radio-frequency identification(4) refer to(5) the .com registry 2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or phrases.A)used by B) provide C) as well D) available E) refers to F) popularization G) through H) in that
25、 I) developed (1) The term Internet of Things was first Kevin Ashton in 1999.(2)The Internet of Things uniquely identifiable objects and their virtual representations in an Internet-like structure.(3) However, unique identification of things may be achieved other means such as barcodes or 2D-codes .
26、(4)The Internet of Things is opportunistic it will use the network infrastructures that are without prejudice.1818Text A: Text A: The Internet of Things Exercises3. Translate the following sentences to English.（1）1999年，物联网首次被凯文阿什顿作为术语开始使用。（2）就物联网而言，电子标签是物联网的一个必备要素。（3）无论如何，通过条形码或者二位码等方式，物品就可以得到唯一的身份信
27、息。（4）在物联网中，物品从制造出来到消耗掉、到消失掉的整个存在周期都能够进行信息追溯。（5）举例而言，你从商店买了一个打有条形码的面包，条形码的信息会告诉你面包的生产日期、包装日期、运输周期、运输时的储存温度、历史销量、配料成分对你的健康有益或有害等信息。（6）由于所有相关人员都知道该物品的品质标准和消费情况，企业就杜绝了产品脱销和浪费现象。1919Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivity One of the next major steps forward in internet access is to enable users to a
28、ccess the Internet while away from the local area network (LAN) of their institution. This access is referred to in this document as mobile internet connectivity, although there is no commonly accepted term. While mobile internet connectivity has been, until comparatively recently, limited to relati
29、vely slow data rates or to very short access ranges, technology is being introduced that will allow users to connect to the Internet with data rates that are theoretically in excess of home-use broadband connections, and with far greater range than is currently available. 2020Text B: Text B: Mobile
30、Internet connectivityHow does mobile internet connectivity work?Mobile internet connectivity is a fast-moving area of technology that can be divided into two broad areas: Mobile telecommunications and public access WLANs. Mobile telecommunications: There are four mobile telephony technologies that c
31、urrently allow internet access on the move in China: GSM, CDMA, 3G and GPRS. Each technology is at a different stage of growth. While some services for the user may be available with all four technologies, other services are only available for users of GPRS. 2121Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet conne
32、ctivityPublic access WLANs: Public access WLANs are typically connected to the Internet via a wired technology connection. This allows members of the general public to use the WLAN for internet connectivity. At around 100 meters, the range of this technology is far less than mobile telecommunication
33、-based technologies used for mobile internet connectivity, but the potential data rates are much greater more than four times as fast as a 3G network. A network card needs to be used in conjunction with an access device and users gain internet connectivity via the public access WLAN upon user authen
34、tication. At present, this type of technology can be found at some larger hotels, airports, train stations and various stores. 2222Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of mobile internet connectivity compared with fixed-line internet connectivity?Adva
35、ntagesuThe greatest advantage of the technologies described above is that of portability of devices and services and the ability to access the internet while away from the institutions LAN.uMobile internet connectivity builds on both the mobile voice and fixed data networks. It therefore offers a hi
36、gh degree of compatibility and inter-operability with the services offered over these networks.uUsers could potentially gain access to their intranet and mail services when away from their institutions LAN, as well as to content and services provided by their institutions LAN.uIn future, infrequent
37、users of the Internet may be able to use these technologies as their sole means of accessing the Internet.2323Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityDisadvantagesuThere are several disadvantages of mobile connectivity when compared with fixed access networks. Some are inherent in the technology
38、 and others are due to the immaturity of mobile connectivity systems.uTo remain portable, devices for mobile internet connectivity usually have smaller screens than their fixed access equivalents, meaning that less information can be viewed on a screen.uIn terms of downloading and uploading data rat
39、es, mobile internet connectivity technology can be considerably slower than fixed network connectivity.uData rates will decrease in many access technologies as the distance from the base station increases, or indeed as the speed that the user is travelling at increases.uReliability of access can be
40、an issue in rural and mountainous regions.uSecurity of devices themselves and the data that they contain is a much greater area for concern than in fixed networks.2424Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityDisadvantagesuNetwork security is an issue, especially concerning public access WLAN.uMob
41、ile internet connectivity equipment is often more expensive than fixed network equipment.uMobile internet connectivity is likely to be more expensive than fixed network internet connectivity. At present, a user will often have to pay a monthly subscription for commercially provided public access WLA
42、N internet connectivity, or pay for use at an hourly or daily rate. uTelecommunication operators have a range of tariffs for connecting to the Internet depending on the technology used for internet access. In some cases, a further subscription is needed in addition to the Internet access subscriptio
43、n. For example, for mobile internet connectivity access via GPRS, a subscription to both GSM and GPRS networks is sometimes needed. uMobile internet connectivity devices are not always compatible with devices using a different mobile internet connectivity technology.2525Text B: Text B: Mobile Intern
44、et connectivityNotes1. While mobile internet connectivity has been, until comparatively recently, limited to relatively slow data rates or to very short access ranges, technology is being introduced that will allow users to connect to the Internet with data rates that are theoretically in excess of
45、home-use broadband connections, and with far greater range than is currently available.译文：前几年，移动互联技术一直受限于通信的速度和可通信的范围。现在，科技的进步在理论是可以使移动互联用户在访问网络时，通信速度超过家用宽带连接并且通信范围也比现有的大得多。句中，“until comparatively recently”是介词短语作状语，是“technology”整句的时间前提。“technology is being introduced that will allow ”中的“that”代词作主语，“
46、technology”是先行词。2626Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityNotes2. At around 100 meters, the range of this technology is far less than mobile telecommunication-based technologies used for mobile internet connectivity, but the potential data rates are much greater more than four times as fast as
47、 a 3G network.译文：和移动互联使用的技术相比较，无线局域网的访问距离只有大约100米，比手机直接访问互联网的范围要小的多，但是其访问速度要快，甚至达到了3G网络访问速度的四倍。句中，“far less than”意为：比小得多、与比较要少很多。“used for mobile internet connectivity”为过去分词短语作定语，“technologies”是先行词。“more than four times as fast as a 3G network”作补语，补充说明“much greater”。 2727Text B: Text B: Mobile Inter
48、net connectivityNotes3. To remain portable, devices for mobile internet connectivity usually have smaller screens than their fixed access equivalents, meaning that less information can be viewed on a screen.译文：为了保持设备在手持时的轻便，移动互联设备的显示屏幕要比固定设备的屏幕小，这就意味着移动互联设备显示的信息要少。句中，“To remain portable”为目的状语从句，是整句话
49、的前提。“smallerthan”表示比较，意为：比小。 2828Text B: Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityExercises1. Translate the following Phrases into English.(1) 移动互联(2) 固定局域网(3) 通信范围(4) 成长期(5) 公共无线局域网(6) 兼容2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or phrases.A) builds on B) provide C) upon D) in conjunction withE) away
50、 from F) connected to G) forward H) in that I) due to(1) One of the next major steps in internet access is to enable users to access the Internet while the local area network (LAN) of their institution. (2) Public access WLANs are typically the Internet via a wired technology connection. 2929Text B:
51、 Text B: Mobile Internet connectivityExercises(3) A network card needs to be used an access device and users gain internet connectivity via the public access WLAN user authentication. (4) Mobile internet connectivity both the mobile voice and fixed data networks.(5) Some are inherent in the technolo
52、gy and others are the immaturity of mobile connectivity systems.3. Translate the following words into Chinese.As computers become more embedded, incorporated into appliances, vehicles, and system sensors, and as networks have migrated toward wireless connections, the computer has finally removed its
53、elf from the user interface paradigm of prior eras and created a completely new model. This model might be called ubiquitous computing. In the wearable computer paradigm, the computer is contained in the users cloth-ing, and the input and output devices interact with the normal motions and senses of
54、 the human body, including normal vision. As such, wearable computers offer two great cartographic advantages. First, the system can present the map user with cartographic information in real time during map use. Secondly, the system can take advantage of distributed systems to retrieve map and imag
55、e data for display based on the position of the user. 3030PracticePracticePart Role playA: Sorry to disturb you, Miss. B: Yes? What can I do for you?A: Can you tell me what are the precise ingredients of these two breads?B: Ok. Lets read their 2D-codes by the RFID. Here they are. The white one inclu
56、des flour, grease, egg and sugar. The black one includes flour, grease, egg and salt.A: thank you. And are they expired?B: Oh, no. they all are produced and packaged three days ago. And their shelf life is 15 days.A: Ok. I will bring the black one to my home.B: 3.5 , please. A：对不起，小姐，打搅了。B：请问有什么事？A：
57、你能告诉我这两个面包的成分吗？B：没问题。我们来扫描一下它们的条形码。哦，看到了。这个白面包成分包括面粉、油、鸡蛋和糖。黑面包的成分包括面粉、油、鸡蛋和盐。A：谢谢，它们没过期吧？B：噢，没有的，它们都是两天前做好并打包的，保质期有15天呢。A：好的，我买这个黑色面包。B：三块五，谢谢。3131PracticePracticePart writing通过Internet查找资料，借助如“金山词霸”等电子词典和辅助翻译软件，完成以下技术报告。通过E-mail发送给老师，并附上你收集资料的网址。1. 简述移动互联技术在日常生活中的运用。2. 简述物联网设备有哪些？请附图片及简要描述。3232Rea
58、ding MaterialReading Material: : Mobile Internet in a Business Trip Sofia, a young computer engineer must leave early from her house. Her task is to go in the office, pick some modern measurement equipment, and then go to the airport to travel in Shanghai in order to make some measurements over the
59、recently international meetings. She uses her RFID-enable mobile phone in order to unlock her new hybrid car. Once the engine is on, internal car-health sensors record and report to local agents, using mobile or wireless services, the cars actions, responses and statistics. Sofias new car uses an ad
60、vanced car-to-car alarm system that controls the distances between vehicles and manages the car speed to avoid any car accidence. 3333Reading MaterialReading Material: : Mobile Internet in a Business Trip Sofia reaches the office, and uses the company id-card to be verified in the gate and to use a
61、particular parking slot in the garage. The same id-card is used to open the inner door of the main building and verify Sofia in the office premises. Finally, Sofia loads the equipment into her car, and enters the free-way in her way to the Binghai International Airport (BIA). The tolls system recogn
62、izes the RFID which is embedded in Sofias car and charges her pay-pall account. On the free-way she is very careful with the car speed, since police has announced the launch of a new monitoring network that uses advanced sensor-cameras in free-ways. The parking system in BIA reads the RFID signals f
63、rom Sofias car, it opens the gate to allow Sofia to enter into the garage, whilst pay-pall account is charged.3434Reading MaterialReading Material: : Mobile Internet in a Business Trip At the airport, Sofia uses the mobile boarding pass issued by the airline to enter to the gates, and she is verifie
64、d by security guards through her social id, which was recently upgraded and equipped with a RFID. Sofia passes all the access control phases and enjoyed the short journey over the Huangpu river. Upon arrival in Shanghai she rents a SUV using her credit card. She manages to enter to the measurement f
65、ield, whereas several computers have been installed and self-configured to monitor the meetings. She opens her new, accurate and expressive computer, collects some meeting data for less than an hour and then bridges her equipment to the local sensor-sink to capture the collected and aggregated data
66、of the last week.3535Reading MaterialReading Material: : Mobile Internet in a Business Trip Sofia is now exhausted, needs a warm bath and a good dinner over the Huangpu river and under the moon. She uses a new mobile service on her smart phone that locates nearby friends and relatives, using either GPS data, and discovers that Lina, her college student, was in the city. They have decided to visit “1820” a marvelous restaurant that travels visitors to modern China gastronomy. After this excellent
