基于plc的三层电梯控制系统设计62439



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1、摘要电梯是高层建筑不可缺少的运输工具,用于垂直运送乘客和货物,传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器-接触器进行控制,其缺点是触点多,故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等,而采用PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题。本论文通过讨论电梯控制系统的组成,阐述可编程控制器(用三菱PLC编程的程序控制方式,提出了三层电梯的程、组成,列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图及指令表。并给出了系统组成框图和程序流程图,在分析、处理随机信号逻辑关系的基础上,提出了计了一套完整的电梯控制系统方案。触点多,故障率高、可靠性差、安装调试周期长、维修工作量大、接线复杂等缺点。使电梯运行更加安全、方便、舒适。在PLC
2、课程设计中,我组设计了一个三层电梯控制系统,并且将西门子公司S7-200系列可编程控制器与其结合并应用起来,在学完电气控制与PLC应用课程后,我们在设计过程中较为得心应手,不至于从头开始。整个过程包括了方案讨论,程序设计,程序修改,上机调试等,在程序设计方面花了比较多的时间,主要考虑到电梯分别停在一层、二层和三层时在其他楼层呼叫等各种情况。每当遇到困难时,我组都积极与老师联系讨论,深入分析研究问题,在整个过程中,我与我的组员都相互配合,相互学习。关键字:PLC;电梯;升降;梯形图;系统组成框图In this paper The elevator is an indispensable mean
3、s of transport for the high-rise building, used for vertical transporting passengers and cargo, the traditional elevator control system mainly adopts relay - contactor to control, its shortcomings is the number of contact, such as high failure rate and poor reliability, maintenance workload is big,
4、and composed of PLC control system is a good way to solve the above problems. Through discussing the composition of the elevator control system, this paper expounds the programmable controller (with mitsubishi PLC programming way of process control, puts forward the three layers of elevator ride, an
5、d lists the specific of the main hardware circuit, elevator control ladder diagram and instruction list. And the system composition block diagram and program flow chart is given, based on the analysis, processing, on the basis of random signal logic relation, put forward the plan for a complete set
6、of the elevator control system scheme. Contact, high failure rate, poor reliability, installation and debugging cycle is long, maintenance workload, such as complex wiring faults. Make the elevator running more safe, convenient and comfortable. In the PLC course design, I have come up with a three l
7、ayers of elevator group control system, and the Siemens S7-200 series programmable controller and its application and combining, after completing the curriculum, electrical control and PLC application we in the design process is relatively with ease, not from the beginning. The whole process includi
8、ng the solution discussion, program design, program changes, computer debugging, etc., spent more time on program design, main consideration to the elevator stop on the first floor, respectively the second and third floors in other situations such as floor call. Whenever encounter difficulties, I ac
9、tively contact the teacher group discussion, in-depth analysis the research question, in the whole process, I and my team members cooperate with each other, learn from each other.Key words: PLC; The elevator; Rise and fall; Ladder diagram; System composition block diagram.Key words: PLC; The elevato
10、r; Rise and fall; Ladder diagram; System composition block diagram目 录1 概述12 硬件电路设计和描述23 软件设计流程及描述54 课程设计总结85 致谢96 参考文献107 附录111 概述随着城市建设的不断发展,高层建筑不断增多,电梯在国民经济和生活中有着广泛的应用。电梯作为高层建筑中垂直运行的交通工具已与人们的日常生活密不可分。在许多交通设备中,电梯是自动化程度最高的先进设备的一种。以前的电梯主要采用单片机控制,其性能等各方面都不太完善,现在电梯控制系统多采用PLC,从电梯的性能、器件的灵活性及安全保障方面等都有了很大的
11、提高。实际上电梯是根据外部呼叫信号以及自身控制规律等运行的,而呼叫是随机的,电梯实际上是一个人机交互式的控制系统,单纯用顺序控制或逻辑控制是不能满足控制要求的,因此,电梯控制系统采用随机逻辑方式控制。目前电梯的控制普遍采用了两种方式,一是采用微机作为信号控制单元,完成电梯信号的采集、运行状态和功能的设定,实现电梯的自动调度和集选运行功能,拖动控制则由变频器来完成;第二种控制方式用可编程控制器(PLC)取代微机实现信号集选控制。由PLC控制代替传统继电器控制已成为发展定局PLC是集计算机控制、自动控制技术、通信技术为一体的新型自动控制装置。它的编程软件采用易学易懂的梯形图语言!控制灵方便,抗干扰