国际经济学(克鲁格曼)教材答案

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1、百度文库-让每个人平等地提升自我Chapter 3a.1. Home has 1200 units of labor available. It can produce two goods, apples and bananas. The unit labor requirement in apple production is 3, while in banana production it is 2.Graph out the production possibilities frontier:QbananaQ apple10b. What is the opportunity cost

2、of apples in terms of bananas?2LaaLb1.5c. In the absence of trade, what would the price of apples in terms of bananas be?In the absence of trade, since labor is the only factor of production and supply decisions are determined by the attempts of individuals to maximize their earnings in a competitiv

3、eeconomy, only when Pa/PbaLa /aLb will both goods be produced. So Pa/Pb 1.52. Home is as described in problem 1. There is now also another country, Foreign, with a labor force of 800. Foreign s unit labor requirement in apple production is 5, while in banana production it is 1.a. Graph Foreign s pro

4、duction possibilities frontier:Q* appleb. Construct the world relative supply curve.P./FbFha/口/1| 口口匕th/口 Supply 匕口门/白3. Now suppose world relative demand takes the following form: Demand for apples/demand for bananas = price of bananas/price of apples.a. Graph the relative demand curve along with t

5、he relative supply curve:DadPb/Pa DaWhen the market achieves its equilibrium, we have DbQaQ aQbQ b1RD is a hyperbola y 一 xFhe World Relative Supply CuiveRS:0,0.5)0.5(0.5,y 1.5y 1.5,5y 5b. What is the equilibrium relative price of apples?The equilibrium relative price of apples is determined by the i

6、ntersection of the RD and RS curves./RD:x 0.5 Pea/Peb 2c. Describe the pattern of trade.P a /P b Pea/PebPa / PbIn this two-country world, Home will specialize in the apple production, export apples and import bananas. Foreign will specialize in the banana production, export bananas and import apples

7、. /d . Show that both Home and Foreign gain from trade.International trade allows Home and Foreign to consume anywhere within the colored lines, which lie outside the countries production possibility frontiers. And the indirect method, specializing in producing only one production then trade with ot

8、her country, is a more efficient method than direct production. In the absence of trade, Home could gain three bananas by foregoing two apples, and Foreign could gain by one foregoing five bananas. Trade allows each country to trade two bananas for one apple. Home could then gain four bananas by for

9、egoing two apples while Foreign could gain one apple by4. Supposeforegoing only two bananas. So both Home and Foreign gain from trade.that instead of 1200 workers, Home had 2400. Find the equilibrium relative price.What can you say about the efficiency of world production and the division of the gai

10、ns from trade between Home and Foreign in this case?RD: xx 0,1)y 1.5RS: x 1 y 1.5,5 x (1, y 5y 1.5e eP a/ P b 1.5he World R日归M日 Supply Curv日4*以/戊*1=5* ) t0.5In this case, Foreign will specialize in the banana production, export bananas and import apples. But Home will produce bananas and apples at t

11、he same time. And the opportunity cost of bananas in terms of apples for Home remains the same. So Home neither gains norloses but Foreign gains from trade.5. Suppose that Home has 2400 workers, but they are only half as production in both industries as we have been assuming, Construct the world rel