高中英语国际音标

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1、一 英语国际音标概述单元音前元音/i:/ /i/ /e/ / 中元音/ /:/ / 后元音/:/ / /:/ /u:/ /u/ 双元音合口双元音/ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/集中双元音/i/ /e/ /u/爆破音摩擦音破擦音鼻音舌侧音半元音双唇音/p/ /b/ /m/w/唇齿音/f/ /v/ 舌齿音/ / 齿龈音/t/ /d/ /s/ /z/ /ts/ /dz/n/l/齿龈后音/r/tr/dr/舌面硬腭齿龈音/ / /d/ /t/ 二 英语元音 前元音 /i:/：舌前端抬高，轻抵下齿，双唇扁平，口腔近于合，声带有滑动。 /i/ ：舌中部轻轻上抬，舌尖抵下齿，舌位比/i:/稍低，稍

2、后；口型扁平，比/i:/稍大，口开约三分之一，发音短促。 /e/：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，牙床半合，上下齿间可容一食指，唇形稍扁，发音短促。 /：舌尖抵下齿，舍身低平，发音时口要张大，口开约三分之二，上下齿间可容纳食指。注意易混音标/i:/和/ei/ ，/e/ / 和/ei/ A friend in need is a friend indeed. Will you be so good as to give me a lift? A flea and a fly were trapped/trpt/ in a flue/flu:/ , and they tried to flee for

3、their life. The flea said to the fly “lets flea!” and the fly said to the flea “lets fly!” finally both the flea and the fly managed to flee through a flaw/fl:/ in the flue. East or west,home is best. Handsome/hnsm/ is as handsome does. A happy black rabbit A pleasant peasant keeps a pleasant pheasa

4、nt/feznt/ and both the peasant and the pheasant are having a pleasant time together. 中元音 /：口腔打开，舌中部稍抬，唇形稍扁，发音短促。 /:/：舌中部稍隆起，口开约二分之一，唇形扁，发长音。 /：舌身平放，口腔肌肉放松，唇形自然张开，发短音。 The early bird catches the worm/w:m/ . Birds of a feather flock together. A skunk/skk/ sat on a stump/stmp/.The skunk thought the stu

5、mp stunk/stk/ , and the stump thought the skunk stunk. 后元音 /:/：口张大，舌身低平，舌后发音，发音时要中气十足，圆润饱满。 /：口张大，舌身平放，双唇稍稍收圆，发音短促。 /:/：舌根部隆起，双唇收圆略向前突，声带滑动。 /u:/：舌根部隆起，双唇收圆收小并向前突出，口腔肌肉保持紧张，发长音。 /u/： 舌位比/u:/稍低，口型比/u:/稍大，口腔肌肉放松，发音短促。 We have a lot of things to talk about. He laughs best who laughs last. Its all your

6、fault. Dont push and pull, its made of the wool. I would if I could. 合口双元音 /ei/u/ai/au/i/：发双元音时，口型由前一单元音向后一单元音滑动，前重后轻，前长后短。 注意易混音标/ 和/ei/ No pain, no gain. I always do it again. Haste makes waste. He saved a cat. 注意易混音标/u/，/au/和/ As you sow, you will mow. I know what you know. Dont keep the horse in

7、 the house. How about going downtown, now? 注意易混音标/ai/ 和/e/ / Strike while the iron/ain / is hot. Time and tide wait for no man. The worm bites beds. The title is about the battle in a castle/k:sl/ . Come and enjoy the oysters Dont spoil roy by giving him too many toys. I have an appointment right no

8、w. You should be loyal/lil /to your nation. 集中双元音 /i/ /e/ /u/：舌头由前元音或后元音向中元音滑动。 注意不要省略/ 前面的元音。 We are near the end of the year. Where there is a will, there is a way. What do you usually/ju:li/ do in your holiday? Things are clear and you dont need to fear/fi/ .三 英语辅音 爆破辅音 双唇爆破音/p/ /b/：双唇紧闭，憋住气流，然后突

9、然分开，气流冲出口腔形成爆破音。 /p/ 为清辅音，送气声带不振动； /b/为浊辅音，不送气声带振动。 注意和汉语拼音p,b的区别 Pride and prejudice You can practise after super Basketball is a popular sport in China. I beg your pardon. He found a job in a pub. 舌尖齿龈爆破音/t/ /d/：舌尖紧贴上齿龈，憋气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，形成爆破音。 /t/为清辅音， /d/为浊辅音。 注意和汉语拼音t,d的区别 dont shed crocodile/kr

10、kdail/ tears. Dont waste time chatting. But he is not good. Did david dance all day until dark? 舌根软腭爆破音/k/ /g/：软腭抬起，堵住鼻腔通道，舌后部同时隆起紧贴软腭，憋气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，形成爆破音。 /k/ 为清辅音， /g/为浊辅音。 注意和汉语拼音k, g区别 A good beginning makes for a good ending. He is not a great guy. Cut your coat according to your cloth. Keep

11、 off the green grass. 爆破音的特殊情况： 1 清辅音浊化：当爆破音/p/ /t/ /k/前面有摩擦音，后面紧跟元音时，要改为不送气音。当爆破音 /p/ /t/ /k/是音节的尾音或是非重读音节时，微弱送气。 例如：speak, school, stupid, stop keep, let, make, bump, peep 2 不完全爆破或失去爆破 两个不同的爆破音相连，第一个音不完 全爆破或失去爆破。 两个相同或发音部位相同的爆破音相连，发音要领为一次成阻一次除阻，持阻时间延长，为一个爆破音持阻时间的两倍。 三个爆破音相连，第二个爆破音完全丢失，剩下的按两个爆破音相连的