高中英语语法精讲之表语从句

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1、 The Predicative Clause 表表 语语 从从 句句Definition 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. I want to know whether (if) he has passed the chemistry. The trouble is that he has never done the work before

2、.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句 在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表语从句。它位于主句的语从句。它位于主句的系动词系动词am , is, are, was, were, seem, look, taste, remain等等之后，对主语进行解释，说明，使主之后，对主语进行解释，说明，使主语的内容具体化。语的内容具体化。The question is who will do it. 表语从句放在连系

3、动词表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。之后，充当复合句中的表语。 The question is who will do it.The question is difficult.（ 表表 ）表语从句表语从句（ 表表 ）可接表语从句的系动词有：可接表语从句的系动词有： 1. be 2. feel, seem, look, appear, sound, taste, smell 3. stand, lie, remain, keep, stay 4. become, get, grow, turn, go, come, run, fall 5. prove, turn out 1.

4、这个故事听起来像是真的。 The story sounds true.2. 他似乎知道这件事。 He appears to know this.例句：例句：3. 这些桔子很好吃。 These oranges taste good.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. My job is to teach you English.5. The question is who will do it. 2. 2. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成主语主语 +

5、系动词系动词 + 引导词引导词 + 简单句简单句This is why he did it. 表语从句放在表语从句放在连系动词连系动词之后，充当复之后，充当复合句中的表语。合句中的表语。His suggestion is that we should stay calm. That is why she was late.引导词引导词引导词引导词 （系动词）（系动词） + 引导词引导词 + 简单句简单句 （主语）（主语） +What I want to say is that I am tired主语主语 + 系动词系动词 + 引导词引导词 + 简单句简单句观察思考观察思考：指出句子成分指出句

6、子成分Henry was an American businessman.Henry met an American businessman. 主语主语 表语表语主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语（及物动词）（及物动词）连系动词连系动词1.1.从属连词从属连词as, as if / thoughas, as if / though引导的引导的表语从句表语从句He looked just as he had looked ten years before.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.他看起来还与十年前一样。他看起来还与十年前一样。听起来

7、好像有人在敲门。听起来好像有人在敲门。 引导词的用法（一）引导词的用法（一）as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用等后面，常用虚拟虚拟语气，语气，表示表示不存在不存在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. 主语主语+连系动词（连系动词（look /seem /appear）+that/as if从句从句 as if, as though 引导的表引导的表语从句语从句*as

8、 if/as though引导的表语从句如果是引导的表语从句如果是事事实实，就用，就用陈述语气陈述语气，如果与事实，如果与事实不符不符，就用就用虚拟语气虚拟语气(主句一般主句一般现在时现在时，从句就，从句就用用一般过去时一般过去时，be变成变成were。主句是一。主句是一般般过去时过去时，从句用，从句用过去完成时过去完成时)。 It looks as if he were her own father. ( (与事实不符与事实不符) ) Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its going to rain.becausebecause引导表语从

9、句通常用于引导表语从句通常用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。而结构中。而且主语一般不用且主语一般不用reason。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.Why were you absent from the meeting ? Was it because you were ill? 你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？ 引导词的用法（二）引导词的用法（二）that, whythat, why 与与 becausebecause 引导表语从句时的引导

10、表语从句时的区别区别 三者均可引导表语从句，但但 that 没有词义，没有词义，而而 why 和和 because 有自己的意思有自己的意思；另外，前者强调前者强调结果结果，后者强调，后者强调原因原因。如：The reason was that you dont trust her. 原因是你不信任她。The fact is that they are angry with each other. 事实是他们生彼此的气。He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。He was sent to the hospi

11、tal. Thats because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。例句：例句：(1) Thats because he didnt understand me.(2) Thats why he got angry with me .那是因为他不理解我。那是因为他不理解我。那正是他对我生气的原因。那正是他对我生气的原因。( (强调原因）强调原因）（强调结果）（强调结果）连接代词连接代词who, whom, whose, whoever, who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever,what, w