高中英语独立主格结构PPT

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1、独立主格结构独立主格结构Nominative Absolute Structure1. No man can do two things at once.2. No man is wise at all time.3. No man is content .4. No news is good news.A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不可二用一心不可二用 。聪明一世，糊涂一时。聪明一世，糊涂一时。人心不足蛇吞象。人心不足蛇吞象。没有消息就是好消息。没有消息就是好消息。1.The children went home from the

2、 grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.(07重庆）A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished2.The meeting _over, we all left the room and drove home.（上海）A. isB. to be C. being D. would be3.There _no bus, we had to walk home.A. being B. to be C. was D. been解析：选解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选。此处考查

3、独立主格结构。如选D项，项，their lessons前应前应加连词，所以加连词，所以D项不对；又由于项不对；又由于their lessons与与finish之间为动宾之间为动宾（被动）关系，所以（被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选两项不对，选B属于属于独立主格结构独立主格结构。 1.He lay at full length upon his stomach ，his head resting upon his left forearm他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。，直挺挺地趴伏着。2.The coward was backing ，h

4、is face being deathly pale，toward another room那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白脸色煞白。OOOOHe lay at full length upon his stomach . His head rested upon his left forearm.The coward was backing toward another room His face was deathly pale.用作时间状语用作时间状语nThe work done ,we went home. n工作完成后，我们就回家了。 用作条件状语用作

5、条件状语nWeather permitting , they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. n如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。 After the work had been done, we went home.If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.用作原因状语用作原因状语nThere being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。 用作伴随状语用作伴随状语nHe was lyi

6、ng on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.他躺在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。 表示补充说明表示补充说明nWe redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。 功能：功能：独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，多用于书面语，其作用相当于一个多用于书面语，其作用相当于一个状语从句或状语从句或并列句并列句，常用来表示谓语动词的，常用来表示谓语动词的时间、原因、时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。在口语

7、和非正等。在口语和非正式文体中，式文体中，一般用一般用从句从句或或两个句子两个句子来代替。来代替。 Attention! 独立主格结构独立主格结构 1. 表示表示时间、条件或原因时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在从句，一般放在句首句首； 2. 表表伴随状况或补充说明伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句，通常放于句末句末; Conclusion独立主格结构的独立主格结构的功能功能1.The meeting overThe meeting over，we left the room2.He returned home，his face

8、 palehis face pale 3.Time permittingTime permitting，well visit the Summer Palace4.There being no busThere being no bus, I have to walk home.做原因状语做原因状语做伴随状语做伴随状语做条件状语做条件状语做原因状语做原因状语/做时间状语做时间状语名词名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓主谓关系关系The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didnt know wha

9、t to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。 名词名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾动宾关系。关系。The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。 名词名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主格代词与不定式之间是将来将来的或具体的动作。的或具体的动作。They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他

10、们道别后，一个回了家，他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。一个去了书店。 Structure名词名词/主格代词主格代词+形容词形容词nAn air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 名词名词/主格代词主格代词+副词副词nThe meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结会议一结束，他们就都回家了束，他们就都回家了 名词名词/主格代词主格代词+介词短语介词短语nThe boy went to the classroom, book in

11、hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。 在这个结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是在这个结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是单数单数名词，在这些名词前习惯上不用冠词。但注意比较：名词，在这些名词前习惯上不用冠词。但注意比较： He stood under a tree, hand in pocket. He stood under a tree, with a hand in his pocket.with a book in his hand名词名词/主格代词主格代词+名词名词I received many gifts, many of them books.我收到很多礼物，其中很